django测试

在单元测试方面，Django继承python的unittest.TestCase实现了自己的django.test.TestCase，编写测试用例通常从这里开始。测试代码通常位于app的tests.py文件中

##为何要在django中使用test

When you’re writing new code, you can use tests to validate your code works as expected.
When you’re refactoring or modifying old code, you can use tests to ensure your changes haven’t affected your application’s behavior unexpectedly.
With Django’s test-execution framework and assorted utilities, you can simulate requests, insert test data, inspect your application’s output and generally verify your code is doing what it should be doing.

##Writing and running tests

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from django.test import TestCase
from myapp.models import Animal

class AnimalTestCase(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        Animal.objects.create(name="lion", sound="roar")
        Animal.objects.create(name="cat", sound="meow")

    def test_animals_can_speak(self):
        """函数必须以text_xx命名方式"""
        lion = Animal.objects.get(name="lion")
        cat = Animal.objects.get(name="cat")
        self.assertEqual(lion.speak(), 'The lion says "roar"')
        self.assertEqual(cat.speak(), 'The cat says "meow"')

你可以有几种方式运行单元测试：

python manage.py test：执行所有的测试用例
python manage.py test app_name, 执行该app的所有测试用例
python manage.py test app_name.case_name: 执行指定的测试用例

##Testing tools:Overview and a quick example

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>>> from django.test.client import Client
>>> c = Client()
>>> response = c.post('/login/', {'username': 'john', 'password': 'smith'})
>>> response.status_code
200
>>> response = c.get('/customer/details/')
>>> response.content
'<!DOCTYPE html...'

##The request factory

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from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.test import TestCase, RequestFactory

class SimpleTest(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        # Every test needs access to the request factory.
        self.factory = RequestFactory()
        self.user = User.objects.create_user(
            username='jacob', email='jacob@…', password='top_secret')

    def test_details(self):
        # Create an instance of a GET request.
        request = self.factory.get('/customer/details')

        # Recall that middleware are not supported. You can simulate a
        # logged-in user by setting request.user manually.
        request.user = self.user

        # Test my_view() as if it were deployed at /customer/details
        response = my_view(request)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

##unit test file upload in django

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c = Client()
with open('wishlist.doc') as fp:
  c.post('/customers/wishes/', {'name': 'fred', 'attachment': fp})

##参考资料

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